AMAZON AWS-CERTIFIED-MACHINE-LEARNING-SPECIALTY EXAM DUMPS - PREPARATION MATERIAL FOR BEST RESULT [2025]

Amazon AWS-Certified-Machine-Learning-Specialty Exam Dumps - Preparation Material For Best Result [2025]

Amazon AWS-Certified-Machine-Learning-Specialty Exam Dumps - Preparation Material For Best Result [2025]

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Amazon AWS Certified Machine Learning - Specialty Sample Questions (Q193-Q198):

NEW QUESTION # 193
A company's machine learning (ML) specialist is building a computer vision model to classify 10 different traffic signs. The company has stored 100 images of each class in Amazon S3, and the company has another
10.000 unlabeled images. All the images come from dash cameras and are a size of 224 pixels * 224 pixels.
After several training runs, the model is overfitting on the training data.
Which actions should the ML specialist take to address this problem? (Select TWO.)

  • A. Use data augmentation to rotate and translate the labeled images.
  • B. Replace the activation of the last layer with a sigmoid.
  • C. Use Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth to label the unlabeled images
  • D. Use the Amazon SageMaker k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) algorithm to label the unlabeled images.
  • E. Use image preprocessing to transform the images into grayscale images.

Answer: A,D

Explanation:
* Data augmentation is a technique to increase the size and diversity of the training data by applying random transformations such as rotation, translation, scaling, flipping, etc. This can help reduce overfitting and improve the generalization of the model. Data augmentation can be done using the Amazon SageMaker image classification algorithm, which supports various augmentation options such as horizontal_flip, vertical_flip, rotate, brightness, contrast, etc1
* The Amazon SageMaker k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) algorithm is a supervised learning algorithm that can be used to label unlabeled data based on the similarity to the labeled data. The k-NN algorithm assigns a label to an unlabeled instance by finding the k closest labeled instances in the feature space and taking a majority vote among their labels. This can help increase the size and diversity of the training data and reduce overfitting. The k-NN algorithm can be used with the Amazon SageMaker image classification algorithm by extracting features from the images using a pre-trained model and then applying the k-NN algorithm on the feature vectors2
* Using Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth to label the unlabeled images is not a good option because it is a manual and costly process that requires human annotators. Moreover, it does not address the issue of overfitting on the existing labeled data.
* Using image preprocessing to transform the images into grayscale images is not a good option because it reduces the amount of information and variation in the images, which can degrade the performance of the model. Moreover, it does not address the issue of overfitting on the existing labeled data.
* Replacing the activation of the last layer with a sigmoid is not a good option because it is not suitable for a multi-class classification problem. A sigmoid activation function outputs a value between 0 and 1, which can be interpreted as a probability of belonging to a single class. However, for a multi-class classification problem, the output should be a vector of probabilities that sum up to 1, which can be achieved by using a softmax activation function.
References:
* 1: Image classification algorithm - Amazon SageMaker
* 2: k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) algorithm - Amazon SageMaker


NEW QUESTION # 194
A Machine Learning Specialist is building a supervised model that will evaluate customers' satisfaction with their mobile phone service based on recent usage The model's output should infer whether or not a customer is likely to switch to a competitor in the next 30 days Which of the following modeling techniques should the Specialist use1?

  • A. Regression
  • B. Time-series prediction
  • C. Anomaly detection
  • D. Binary classification

Answer: D

Explanation:
Explanation
The modeling technique that the Machine Learning Specialist should use is binary classification. Binary classification is a type of supervised learning that predicts whether an input belongs to one of two possible classes. In this case, the input is the customer's recent usage data and the output is whether or not the customer is likely to switch to a competitor in the next 30 days. This is a binary outcome, either yes or no, so binary classification is suitable for this problem. The other options are not appropriate for this problem. Time-series prediction is a type of supervised learning that forecasts future values based on past and present data. Anomaly detection is a type of unsupervised learning that identifies outliers or abnormal patterns in the data. Regression is a type of supervised learning that estimates a continuous numerical value based on the input features.
References: Binary Classification, Time Series Prediction, Anomaly Detection, Regression


NEW QUESTION # 195
A retail company wants to update its customer support system. The company wants to implement automatic routing of customer claims to different queues to prioritize the claims by category.
Currently, an operator manually performs the category assignment and routing. After the operator classifies and routes the claim, the company stores the claim's record in a central database. The claim's record includes the claim's category.
The company has no data science team or experience in the field of machine learning (ML). The company's small development team needs a solution that requires no ML expertise.
Which solution meets these requirements?

  • A. Export the database to a .csv file with two columns: claim_label and claim_text. Use the Amazon SageMaker Object2Vec algorithm and the .csv file to train a model. Use SageMaker to deploy the model to an inference endpoint. Develop a service in the application to use the inference endpoint to process incoming claims, predict the labels, and route the claims to the appropriate queue.
  • B. Export the database to a .csv file with one column: claim_text. Use the Amazon SageMaker Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm and the .csv file to train a model. Use the LDA algorithm to detect labels automatically. Use SageMaker to deploy the model to an inference endpoint. Develop a service in the application to use the inference endpoint to process incoming claims, predict the labels, and route the claims to the appropriate queue.
  • C. Use Amazon Textract to process the database and automatically detect two columns: claim_label and claim_text. Use Amazon Comprehend custom classification and the extracted information to train the custom classifier. Develop a service in the application to use the Amazon Comprehend API to process incoming claims, predict the labels, and route the claims to the appropriate queue.
  • D. Export the database to a .csv file with two columns: claim_label and claim_text. Use Amazon Comprehend custom classification and the .csv file to train the custom classifier. Develop a service in the application to use the Amazon Comprehend API to process incoming claims, predict the labels, and route the claims to the appropriate queue.

Answer: D

Explanation:
Amazon Comprehend is a natural language processing (NLP) service that can analyze text and extract insights such as sentiment, entities, topics, and language. Amazon Comprehend also provides custom classification and custom entity recognition features that allow users to train their own models using their own data and labels. For the scenario of routing customer claims to different queues based on categories, Amazon Comprehend custom classification is a suitable solution. The custom classifier can be trained using a .csv file that contains the claim text and the claim label as columns. The custom classifier can then be used to process incoming claims and predict the labels using the Amazon Comprehend API. The predicted labels can be used to route the claims to the appropriate queue. This solution does not require any machine learning expertise or model deployment, and it can be easily integrated with the existing application.
The other options are not suitable because:
Option A: Amazon SageMaker Object2Vec is an algorithm that can learn embeddings of objects such as words, sentences, or documents. It can be used for tasks such as text classification, sentiment analysis, or recommendation systems. However, using this algorithm requires machine learning expertise and model deployment using SageMaker, which are not available for the company.
Option B: Amazon SageMaker Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is an algorithm that can discover the topics or themes in a collection of documents. It can be used for tasks such as topic modeling, document clustering, or text summarization. However, using this algorithm requires machine learning expertise and model deployment using SageMaker, which are not available for the company. Moreover, LDA does not provide labels for the topics, but rather a distribution of words for each topic, which may not match the existing categories of the claims.
Option C: Amazon Textract is a service that can extract text and data from scanned documents or images. It can be used for tasks such as document analysis, data extraction, or form processing. However, using this service is unnecessary and inefficient for the scenario, since the company already has the claim text and label in a database. Moreover, Amazon Textract does not provide custom classification features, so it cannot be used to train a custom classifier using the existing data and labels.
Amazon Comprehend Custom Classification
Amazon SageMaker Object2Vec
Amazon SageMaker Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Amazon Textract


NEW QUESTION # 196
A Data Scientist is developing a machine learning model to classify whether a financial transaction is fraudulent. The labeled data available for training consists of 100,000 non-fraudulent observations and 1,000 fraudulent observations.
The Data Scientist applies the XGBoost algorithm to the data, resulting in the following confusion matrix when the trained model is applied to a previously unseen validation dataset. The accuracy of the model is
99.1%, but the Data Scientist needs to reduce the number of false negatives.

Which combination of steps should the Data Scientist take to reduce the number of false negative predictions by the model? (Choose two.)

  • A. Change the XGBoost eval_metric parameter to optimize based on Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC).
  • B. Change the XGBoost eval_metric parameter to optimize based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE).
  • C. Increase the XGBoost scale_pos_weight parameter to adjust the balance of positive and negative weights.
  • D. Decrease the XGBoost max_depth parameter because the model is currently overfitting the data.
  • E. Increase the XGBoost max_depth parameter because the model is currently underfitting the data.

Answer: A,C

Explanation:
The Data Scientist should increase the XGBoost scale_pos_weight parameter to adjust the balance of positive and negative weights and change the XGBoost eval_metric parameter to optimize based on Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC). This will help reduce the number of false negative predictions by the model.
The scale_pos_weight parameter controls the balance of positive and negative weights in the XGBoost algorithm. It is useful for imbalanced classification problems, such as fraud detection, where the number of positive examples (fraudulent transactions) is much smaller than the number of negative examples (non- fraudulent transactions). By increasing the scale_pos_weight parameter, the Data Scientist can assign more weight to the positive class and make the model more sensitive to detecting fraudulent transactions.
The eval_metric parameter specifies the metric that is used to measure the performance of the model during training and validation. The default metric for binary classification problems is the error rate, which is the fraction of incorrect predictions. However, the error rate is not a good metric for imbalanced classification problems, because it does not take into account the cost of different types of errors. For example, in fraud detection, a false negative (failing to detect a fraudulent transaction) is more costly than a false positive (flagging a non-fraudulent transaction as fraudulent). Therefore, the Data Scientist should use a metric that reflects the trade-off between the true positive rate (TPR) and the false positive rate (FPR), such as the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC). The AUC is a measure of how well the model can distinguish between the positive and negative classes, regardless of the classification threshold. A higher AUC means that the model can achieve a higher TPR with a lower FPR, which is desirable for fraud detection.
References:
* XGBoost Parameters - Amazon Machine Learning
* Using XGBoost with Amazon SageMaker - AWS Machine Learning Blog


NEW QUESTION # 197
A Machine Learning Specialist needs to be able to ingest streaming data and store it in Apache Parquet files for exploration and analysis.
Which of the following services would both ingest and store this data in the correct format?

  • A. AWS DMS
  • B. Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose
  • C. Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics
  • D. Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

Answer: B


NEW QUESTION # 198
......

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